Basic Linux VI editor commands

 

‘vi’ is one of the most commonly used editor program and included by default with every UNIX and Linux system. vi basically operates in 3 modes, namely: 

 

1. vi mode – the mode vi starts in 

2. command mode – you can be in command mode from the vi mode by pressing the key colon (“:”) 

3. input mode – in this mode user starts the actual editing of the text 

   
   

Below are some of the most commonly used vi commands in all 3 modes of operation. 

1. vi mode commands 

Command	Action
k	Move one line upwards
l	Move one character to the right
h	Move one character to the left
w	Move one word to the right
W	Move one word to the right past punctuation
b	Move one word to the left
B	Move one word to the left past punctuation
e	Move to the end of the current word
1G	Move to the beginning of the file
H	Move to the top of the current screen
M	Move to the middle of the current screen
L	Move to the bottom of the current screen
Ctrl-G	Move to the last line in the file
Ctrl-F	Move one screen towards the end of the file
Ctrl-D	Move 1/2 screen towards the end of the file
Ctrl-B	Move one screen towards the beginning of the file
Ctrl-U	Move 1/2 screen towards the beginning of the file
Ctrl-L	Refresh the screen
5G	Move to line 5 of the file (5 can be any line number)
/string	Find text string forward
?string	Find text string backward
n	Find forward next string instance after a string search
N	Find backward next string instance after a string search
ZZ	Save the file exit vi
x	Delete the character at the cursor
X	Delete the character behind the cursor
dd	Delete the line the cursor is on
10dd	Delete the 10 lines following the cursor
yy	Yank the current line
p	Put the yanked line below the current line
P	Put the yanked line above the current line

 

2. Command mode commands 

Command	Action
:g/X/s//x/g	Global Search and replace (X=search object x=replace object)
:r file	Import a file into the current file
:34 r file	Import a file into the current file after line 34
:w	Write out the file to save changes
:w file	Write the file to named file
:wq	Save the file exit vi
:w!	Force save the file
:q!	Quit vi but don’t save changes

 

3. Input mode commands 

Command	Action
a	Insert characters to the right of the cursor
A	Append characters to the current line
i	Insert characters to the left of cursor
I	Insert characters at the beginning of the current line
o	Add a new line after current line
O	Insert a new line above the current line